These statutes were originally compiled by the the National Conference of State Legislatures in the Statutory Responses for Failure to Appear Database (updated February 25, 2022). However, the Prison Policy Initiative updated that list with any changes identified through our analysis of the policies, summarized in our briefing High stakes mistakes: How courts respond to “failure to appear.” The categorization of each jurisdiction’s statute(s) in the table below is the result of our analysis and interpretation. The original statutory language can be found in the state or D.C. laws referenced under “Citations.”
Punishments | Accommodations | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Additional charges | Strict liability | Consideration of intent | Excused absence | Grace period | Out-of-state distinction | Citations |
Alabama | Yes | Yes | Yes | 11-45-9.1; 13A-10-39; 13A-10-40 | |||
Alaska | Yes | Yes | Yes | 11.56.730; 12.25.230 | |||
Arizona | Yes | Yes | 13-2507; 13-3903 | ||||
Arkansas | Yes | Yes | Yes | 5-54-120 | |||
California | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 1043; 1305.1; 1320; 1320.5 | ||
Colorado | Yes | Yes | 16-5-206; 18-8-212 | ||||
Connecticut | Yes | Yes | Yes | 53a-172; 53a-173; 54-2e | |||
Delaware | Yes | Yes | 11 Del. C. 1271; 11 Del. C. 1907; 11 Del. C. 2113 | ||||
District of Columbia | Yes | Yes | S 23-1327; S 23-1329 | ||||
Florida | Yes | Yes | 843.15; 901.11; 901.31 | ||||
Georgia | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 16-10-51 | ||
Hawaii | Yes | Yes | 286-10; 607-8.5; 710-1024; 710-1025 | ||||
Idaho | Yes | Yes | Yes | 18-7401; 19-2915 | |||
Illinois | Yes | Yes | 720 ILCS 5/32-10; 725 ILCS 5/110-3 | ||||
Indiana | Yes | Yes | 35-3-8-8; 35-44.1-2-9 | ||||
Iowa | Yes | Yes | 805.5; 811.2(8); 811.7 | ||||
Kansas | Yes | Yes | Yes | 21-5915 | |||
Kentucky | Yes | Yes | Yes | 520.08 | |||
Louisiana | Yes | Yes | Yes | 14:110.1; 14:110.1.1 | |||
Maine | Yes | Yes | Yes | 15 MRS 1091 | |||
Maryland | Yes | Yes | Yes | 5-211; 5-212 | |||
Massachusetts | Yes | Yes | 276 S 82A | ||||
Michigan | Yes | Yes | Yes | 750.199a; 764.3 | |||
Minnesota | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 609.49 | ||
Mississippi | Yes | 99-5-25 | |||||
Missouri | Yes | Yes | 544.665 | ||||
Montana | Yes | Yes | Yes | 45-7-308 | |||
Nebraska | Yes | Yes | Yes | 29-908 | |||
Nevada | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 199.335 | ||
New Hampshire | Yes | Yes | Yes | 642:8 | |||
New Jersey | Yes | Yes | 2C:29-7 | ||||
New Mexico | Yes | Yes | 31-3-9 | ||||
New York | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 215.55; 215.56; 215.57; 215.59 | ||
North Carolina | Yes | Yes | 15A-543 | ||||
North Dakota | Yes | Yes | 12.1-0805 | ||||
Ohio | Yes | 2937.99 | |||||
Oklahoma | Yes | Yes | Yes | 22 Okla. St. S 1110 | |||
Oregon | Yes | Yes | Yes | 153.064; 162.195; 162.205 | |||
Pennsylvania | Yes | Yes | 18 Pa CS S 5124 | ||||
Rhode Island | Yes | Yes | 11-1-8 | ||||
South Carolina | Yes | Yes | 17-15-90 | ||||
South Dakota | Yes | Yes | 23A-43-31 | ||||
Tennessee | Yes | Yes | Yes | 39-16-609 | |||
Texas | Yes | Yes | Yes | 38.1 | |||
Utah | Yes | Yes | Yes | 76-8-312 | |||
Vermont | Yes | Yes | 13 VSA S 7559 | ||||
Virginia | Yes | Yes | Yes | 19.2-128 | |||
Washington | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | 9A.76.170; 9A.76.190 | ||
West Virginia | Yes | Yes | Yes | 62-1C-17b | |||
Wisconsin | Yes | Yes | 946.49 | ||||
Wyoming | Yes | Yes | 6-5-306 | ||||
50 States and DC total: | 49 | 4 | 40 | 23 | 14 | 3 |
Correction, Feb. 1, 2024: We updated our categorization and tally of jurisdictions that impose criminal penalties, including fines and imprisonment, to include District of Columbia, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Montana, New Hampshire, New York, Oklahoma, and South Carolina. We regret the error.
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