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The Geography of Punishment:
How Huge Sentencing Enhancement Zones Harm Communities, Fail to Protect Children
by Aleks Kajstura, Peter Wagner, and William Goldberg
Prison Policy Initiative
July 2008
Section:
Appendix E. Demographic analysis of populations living in enhancement zones.
| Population living in enhancement zones | Percentage living in enhancement zones | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | White | Black | Latino | Total | White | Black | Latino | In poverty | Adults without HS diploma or GED | |
| Agawam | 6,291 | 6,032 | 53 | 109 | 22.4% | 22.4% | 18.0% | 21.3% | 5.5% | 13.5% |
| Blandford | 149 | 144 | 2 | 0 | 12.3% | 12.1% | 22.9% | 7.50% | 3.4% | 11.4% |
| Brimfield | 228 | 223 | 0 | 2 | 6.8% | 6.9% | 0% | 3.5% | 5.2% | 16.6% |
| Chester | 33 | 32 | 0 | 1 | 2.5% | 2.5% | 5.0% | 2.9% | 5.8% | 13.0% |
| Chicopee | 18,130 | 15,141 | 577 | 2,038 | 33.2% | 31.9% | 44.2% | 42.5% | 13.5% | 25.0% |
| East Longmeadow | 2,651 | 2,575 | 15 | 39 | 18.8% | 18.8% | 11.8% | 30.1% | 4.7% | 9.6% |
| Granville | 85 | 79 | 0 | 1 | 5.6% | 5.30% | 0% | 8.0% | 3.4% | 7.8% |
| Hampden | 211 | 207 | 1 | 1 | 4.1% | 4.1% | 3.8% | 3.0% | 2.1% | 10.2% |
| Holland | 206 | 199 | 2 | 3 | 8.6% | 8.6% | 33.3% | 10.0% | 7.0% | 16.9% |
| Holyoke | 23,322 | 9,730 | 742 | 12,475 | 58.5% | 45.2% | 62.5% | 75.7% | 32.5% | 35.0% |
| Longmeadow | 5,197 | 4,838 | 63 | 63 | 33.2% | 32.7% | 53.6% | 36.9% | 1.8% | 3.6% |
| Ludlow | 4,129 | 3,913 | 28 | 81 | 21.1% | 20.6% | 32.2% | 26.8% | 13.3% | 25.5% |
| Monson | 490 | 469 | 1 | 14 | 5.9% | 5.8% | 2.2% | 14.7% | 5.7% | 20.1% |
| Montgomery | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0% | 0% | n/a | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Palmer | 2,473 | 2,376 | 23 | 24 | 19.8% | 19.8% | 20.2% | 15.8% | 11.3% | 20.9% |
| Russell | 201 | 196 | 0 | 2 | 12.1% | 12.3% | 4.3% | 7.6% | 8.7% | 16.8% |
| Southwick | 1,297 | 1,244 | 9 | 29 | 14.7% | 14.6% | 14.3% | 18.9% | 8.2% | 16.7% |
| Springfield | 75,341 | 32,202 | 17,058 | 23,754 | 49.6% | 43.3% | 53.7% | 57.5% | 26.4% | 28.7% |
| Tolland | 44 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 10.2% | 10.5% | 0% | 0% | 4.2% | 12.6% |
| Wales | 227 | 219 | 3 | 1 | 13.1% | 12.9% | 18.0% | 12.7% | 3.5% | 14.7% |
| West Springfield | 8,183 | 7,174 | 187 | 489 | 29.3% | 29.1% | 29.7% | 30.4% | 15.5% | 18.4% |
| Westfield | 11,697 | 10,452 | 134 | 867 | 29.2% | 28.3% | 31.3% | 43.2% | 15.7% | 19.5% |
| Wilbraham | 1,736 | 1,668 | 22 | 19 | 12.9% | 13.0% | 11.5% | 9.9% | 3.7% | 5.4% |
| Hampden County | 162,321 | 99,155 | 18,919 | 40,011 | 35.7% | 29.2% | 51.9% | 58.8% | 21.4% | 25.1% |
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